The dynamics of global politics in the digital era have experienced a significant transformation, thanks to advances in information technology that influence various aspects of life. Social media, as one of the main innovations, allows the rapid and widespread dissemination of information, changing the way of communication between countries and societies. Platforms such as Twitter, Facebook, and Instagram have become important tools for political leaders to interact directly with their citizens, often without the intermediary of traditional media. One key aspect of this dynamic is the emergence of “political digital activism.” Many social movements, such as Black Lives Matter and the climate change movement, utilize social media for mass mobilization. Hashtags and viral campaigns play an important role in raising awareness about global issues and encouraging collective action. When supporters can collaborate online, they can often overcome geographic and social barriers that previously limited their participation. However, the digital era also brings new challenges. The spread of fake news or “fake news” has become a detrimental phenomenon, manipulating public opinion and disrupting the democratic process. The spread of inaccurate information can lead to polarization and distrust of institutions. Therefore, it is important to educate the public about media literacy, so that they can differentiate between valid information and that which is not. Meanwhile, countries are also adapting to these developments. Cyber policy and social media regulation are a major concern in many countries. Some governments attempt to control the political narrative by blocking access to certain platforms or monitoring their citizens’ online activities. This creates tension between freedom of expression and state security, which is often a sensitive issue in the international arena. These changes are also visible in international relations. Digital diplomacy is emerging as a new tool for countries to communicate and negotiate. Virtual conferences and online forums allow countries to exchange views without having to gather physically, which speeds up the dialogue process. However, digital communications also carry risks related to cybersecurity, with attacks on critical infrastructure becoming an increasingly common threat. Additionally, the digital economy has created new forces in global politics. Large technology companies, such as Google and Facebook, have significant influence in determining the direction of policy and regulation. Lobbying by these companies can influence legislation at international and domestic levels, creating complex relationships between governments and the private sector. This phenomenon requires countries and society to rethink how they conduct politics in the digital era. While pursuing technological progress, it is important to ensure that democracy, freedom and human rights remain top priorities. In the midst of rapid change, adaptation and innovation are needed to face challenges and take advantage of opportunities that exist in the dynamics of global politics in the digital era.
About the Author
